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🌍 What Gases We Breathe In and Out: The Science of Every Breath We Take

🌍 What Gases We Breathe In and Out: The Science of Every Breath We Take 🌬️ Introduction: The Breath of Life  We breathe in air, a nutritious mixture of invisible gases that keep us alive. None of us, though, pauses to think about what we are breathing. Instead of being simply "oxygen," air is a remarkable and complex mixture of gases that have evolved over millions of years as a result of industrialization, the emergence of plants, and, most recently, pollution in the modern world. This blog will examine the actual composition of the air we breathe, its historical changes, the gases we breathe in and out, and the reasons why breathing is both a scientific marvel and a cause for concern regarding the environment. 🌎 The Air We Breathe: A Historical Context 🕰️ The Antiquity of Air  The four classical elements—earth, air, fire, and water—were based on a philosophical idea before we were aware of the chemical characteristics of air. Then, through experimentation and obser...
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DIAT Pune Faces Notice Over Khadakwasla Dam Pollution

 The Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DIAT), located in Pune, has received a notice from the Maharashtra Pollution Control Board (MPCB) for allegedly releasing untreated sewage into a nallah that empties into the Khadakwasla Dam. This is a worrying trend. As pollution levels rise, the dam—a crucial source of water for Pune—has come under examination, alarming local authorities and environmentalists.

The Allegations and Findings
The problem was discovered when the irrigation department complained about the dam's water contamination in January 2025. After that, on February 3, 2025, MPCB representatives inspected the area and took water samples from the nallah close to DIAT. The samples' blackish hue, septic condition, and offensive odor were determined to be unmistakable signs of untreated sewage discharge.

According to additional research, DIAT produces about 606 cubic meters of sewage each day, but it lacks a working sewage treatment plant (STP) to handle this waste. Environmental laws, such as the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1981 and the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1974, are being directly broken by this. DIAT's location in a designated "Pollution Prevention Area" makes its non-compliance even more concerning.


 MPCB's Reaction

The infractions have been duly noted by the MPCB, which has sent DIAT a formal notice. Before more legal action is taken, the institute has been called to an in-person hearing to defend its activities. The MPCB Pune Regional Officer, JS Salunkhe, underlined that DIAT must establish a suitable STP in accordance with environmental standards.
Khadakwasla Dam: An Issue With Pollution More Widely
Although DIAT's purported discharge has garnered attention, Khadakwasla Dam's contamination is caused by a number of sources. There have been reports that the dam's catchment region also receives untreated sewage from neighboring communities, hotels, farmhouses, and other establishments. One of Pune's most significant reservoirs has seen its water quality decline as a result of this cumulative contamination.

Concerns about the dam's condition and potential effects on public health have been raised by locals. Agricultural operations that rely on clean water from the dam are also at risk due to the contamination, in addition to drinking water sources.

Action Is Needed Now
The notice sent to DIAT emphasizes how urgently environmental laws surrounding Khadakwasla Dam must be strictly enforced for all establishments and enterprises. Experts recommend a number of actions to deal with the problem:

Installation of STPs: In order to keep untreated wastewater out of water bodies, all facilities producing large volumes of wastewater are required to install sewage treatment plants.

Frequent Monitoring: To find pollution sources, authorities should regularly inspect and check the water quality in the dam's catchment area.

Community Involvement: Through awareness campaigns and participatory monitoring initiatives, local populations should be involved in efforts to safeguard water supplies.

Collaborative Solutions: To create all-encompassing pollution management plans, government organizations, non-governmental organizations, and regional stakeholders must cooperate.

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